Metadata Factsheet

PDF Generated On: Fri Nov 22 2024 11:12:17 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time)

1. Proposed Indicator name

C.2 Non-monetary benefits arising from applicable internationally agreed ABS instruments.

2. Date of metadata update

2022-03-28 12:00:00 UTC

3. Goals and Targets addressed

3a. Goal

Headline Indicator for Goal C. The monetary and non-monetary benefits from the utilization of genetic resources and digital sequence information on genetic resources, and of traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources, as applicable, are shared fairly and equitably, including, as appropriate with indigenous peoples and local communities, and substantially increased by 2050, while ensuring traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources is appropriately protected, thereby contributing to the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, in accordance with internationally agreed access and benefit-sharing instruments.

3b. Draft target

Headline indicator forTarget 13: Take effective legal, policy, administrative and capacity-building measures at all levels, as appropriate, to ensure the fair and equitable sharing of benefits that arise from the utilization of genetic resources and from digital sequence information on genetic resources, as well as traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources, and facilitating appropriate access to genetic resources, and by 2030, facilitating a significant increase of the benefits shared, in accordance with applicable international access and benefit-sharing instruments.

4. Rationale

The importance of non-monetary benefits from ABS processes and their contribution to the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and to sustainable development is increasingly acknowledged and documented. This indicator serves as a proxy for many different types of non-monetary benefits. It aims to measure trends in a key subset of non-monetary benefits arising from applicable international access and benefit-sharing instruments, namely the CBD, the Nagoya Protocol and the ITPGRFA.

The methodology also takes into account the possibility of accommodating new multilateral ABS instruments, which will contribute to conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity such as the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction, or benefit-sharing from digital sequence information (DSI) on genetic resources (GR).

5. Definitions, concepts and classifications

5a. Definition and concepts

To avoid double counting, only countries that regulate access to GR or to ATK, as appropriate, would need to report on non-monetary benefits.

Reporting would be on the following types of non-monetary benefits:

a.Number of research and development results arising from ABS instruments (globally aggregated and subsequently pre-populated into national reports)

b.Number of joint scientific publications arising from ABS instruments with authors from the provider country, where appropriate (globally aggregated and subsequently pre-populated into national reports)

c.Number of scientific publications relevant to conservation, sustainable use, food security, and public health arising from ABS instruments (globally aggregated and subsequently pre-populated into national reports)

d.Number of technology transfer events arising from ABS instruments (nationally collected)

e.Number of projects contributing to sustainable development arising from ABS instruments (nationally collected)

f.Indicator related to capacity-building and development as part of the non-monetary benefits arising from ABS instruments (TBD)

Information on three types of non-monetary benefits can be initially collected at the global level following an established methodology (see section 5(e) below) and made available to countries for their use in the national report. The use of a global methodology and compilation ensures that the national data provided is comparable, can easily be aggregated and analyses of trends over time are consistent. Countries can edit and add additional information to their national data as appropriate.

The ability of countries to collect the information on non-monetary benefits may vary from country to country. For some countries it may take some time before it is possible to provide this mandatory information.

Additional types of non-monetary benefits received: Parties may include in their national reports any other type of non-monetary benefits received in accordance with national priorities and circumstances. The reported information cannot be aggregated globally but can help countries to measure trends overtime according to their national priorities.

5b. Method of computation

There are many types of non-monetary benefits that can be included in ABS agreements (a list of 17 benefits is provided, for example, in the Annex of the Nagoya Protocol) but there are significant challenges to measuring all of them. First, there is currently no way to aggregate information on non-monetary benefits in a comprehensive manner across all possible types as these can be quantified with very different parameters (i.e., to aggregate across, for example, contribution to local economy, institutional capacity-building, and or sharing of research and development results). Second, there is little national data currently available on non-monetary benefits and significant challenges in monitoring or reporting on some non-monetary benefits remain. Third, different types of non-monetary benefits may be prioritized at the national level depending on the circumstances and these may be measured or accounted differently.

To simplify the challenge of monitoring non-monetary benefits, the 17 benefits suggested in the Nagoya Protocol Annex were consolidated into five categories that reflect six total proposed indicators as follows. Finding an appropriate indicator to measure non-monetary benefits related to capacity-building, development and training poses its own challenges.

Table 1. Non-monetary benefits


In light of all of the above, the headline indicator is computed in three stages 1) selection of types of non-monetary benefits for inclusion in the indicator, 2) compilation of information, and 3) resulting aggregations and dissagregations.


[1] According to the Strategy for the practical implementation of the programme of work on technology transfer and scientific and technological cooperation (17) “The concept of technology as generally understood under the Convention includes both “hard” and “soft” technology. The notion of hard technology refers to the actual machinery and other physical hardware that is transferred, while the category of soft technology refers to technological information or know-how. Such “soft” technology is often transferred within long-term scientific and technological cooperation including through joint research and innovation which move ideas from invention to new products, processes and services”

5c. Data collection method

This information will be collected through the national reporting under the Convention where Parties report which non-monetary benefits they have received. The reporting should at a minimum include:

  • Number of research and development results arising from ABS instruments (globally aggregated and subsequently pre-populated into national reports)
  • Number of joint scientific publications arising from ABS instruments with authors from the provider country, where appropriate (globally aggregated and subsequently pre-populated into national reports)
  • Number of scientific publications relevant to conservation, sustainable use, food security, and public health arising from ABS instruments (globally aggregated and subsequently pre-populated into national reports)
  • Number of technology transfer events arising from ABS instruments (nationally collected)
  • Number of projects contributing to sustainable development arising from ABS instruments (nationally collected)
  • Indicator related to capacity-building and development as part of the non-monetary benefits arising from ABS instruments (TBD)

5d. Accessibility of methodology

This methodology is available online and more information can be found in CBD/SBSTTA/26/INF/12.

5e. Data sources

To be able to report on indicators measured at the national level, it is necessary that countries implement tools that facilitate collection, compilation and report of information.

Compilation of information for the globally collected types of non-monetary benefits will use, subject to the availability of funds, the initial methodology and prototype databases developed by the Leibniz Institute DSMZ within the Examining Trends in Non-Monetary Benefit-Sharing project (funded by the German Federal Agency of Nature Conservation.

This project has developed methods and a pilot database to quantify the three proposed required non-monetary benefits based on the robustness of the scientific publication ecosystem. A database of publications in which an ABS permit is directly listed (cited) in the text of the publication can provide quantification of the three proposed indicators. In order for these methods to capture more data, Parties must fulfill their obligation under the NP to generate IRCCs and scientific practices for citing IRCCs or ABS permits codes in scientific publications need to be better standardized. Making this information available to countries would help reinforce the national systems for monitoring the utilization of genetic resources, as well as help to make the contribution of ABS towards conservation, sustainable use and the advancement of science and research more visible.

The information collected globally will be disaggregated to the national level and made available for countries to report on in their national reports. This approach would be an efficient use of resources and avoid the need for every country to build up a national database to keep track of some types of non-monetary benefits (research results, international collaborations, and research focused on priority areas resulting from ABS agreements).

Compilation of information for other types of non-monetary benefits would be done at national level. Most countries mentioned receiving non-monetary benefits. However, the data on non-monetary benefits is not generally compiled or readily available and for many countries reporting this information may be challenging, particularly when the national systems recognize different providers for GRs and ATK and different beneficiaries.

Some recommendations could help Parties reporting on non-monetary benefits:

  • For countries that have multiple authorities involved in negotiating PIC and MAT, they might consider including in their MAT clauses that obligate a user to report to a single centralized national authority for benefits even if they are shared with multiple beneficiaries.
  • A national data management system (e.g. a virtual platform or system appropriate for the national circumstances) where all information in the reporting process on benefits is stored and information is managedData management systems for ABS agreements granting and benefits reporting are a good tool to monitor benefit-sharing at national level and could potentially generate reminders about check in and reporting duties of users of GRs or aTK. Some countries have already introduced national virtual systems to apply for access to GRs and report on benefit-sharing. Once the application is successfully processed the corresponding permit is granted and uploaded to the platform. The commitments on both monetary and non-monetary benefit sharing and corresponding deadlines are also programmed in the system, which will send out reminders to users on reporting obligations for the concluded benefit-sharing activities. The users can upload benefit-sharing reports (e.g. research results or capacity building reports) and appropriate information to support the report.

The recommendations could also help strengthen national ABS systems. A better understanding of benefits received would help countries to measure the effectiveness of their ABS system and mobilize political will and resources for implementing Target 13 and achieve Goal C of the KMGBF.

As an alternative or complementary approach, Parties could also decide to establish a global standardized reporting system for non-monetary benefits by users of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge. This reporting tool would enable users to report on the benefits shared in their work under an ABS agreement. The information collected and disaggregated by country could be shared with countries for their consideration in their reporting under the different types of non-monetary benefits included in their reporting.

The methodology proposed for globally collected non-monetary benefits can either be expanded to include non-monetary benefit arising from other international ABS Instruments (ITPGRFA and others) or the secretariats of the relevant treaties can compile the data and share it with countries, as appropriate.

5f. Availability and release calendar

This data will be collected through national reports as per the timing of those reports. Parties could share data through their national CHMs, ABS CHs and other national data portals on an annual basis.

5g. Time series

Not currently available.

5h. Data providers

Parties should report the data directly with some global data available on the number of research publications.

5i. Data compilers

At the global level, the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity will compile the data. Compilation of information for the globally collected types of non-monetary benefits under the CBD and the Nagoya Protocol will use the methodology developed by the Leibniz Institute DSMZ within the Examining Trends in Non-Monetary Benefit-Sharing project (funded by the German Federal Agency of Nature Conservation). The Secretariat will work with Leibniz Institute DSMZ on this.

The information collected globally will be disaggregated to the national level and made available for countries to report on in their national reports (and NBSAPs). This approach would be an efficient use of resources and avoid the need for every country to build up a national database to keep track of some types of non-monetary benefits (research results, international collaborations, and research focused on priority areas resulting from ABS agreements).

5j. Gaps in data coverage

As mentioned above national data compilation may be challenging due to the existing systems for recording data, confidentiality issues and national capacity.

5k. Treatment of missing values

Missing data should not be inputed.

6. Scale

6a. Scale of use

Scale of application:Global, Regional, National

Scale of data disaggregation/aggregation:

Global/ regional scale indicator can be disaggregated to national level: Yes

National data is collated to form global indicator: Yes

The indicator is available for use at the national, regional and global level. However, regional and global aggregation may have some gaps.

6b. National/regional indicator production

This data would be compiled and reported at the national level.

6c. Sources of differences between global and national figures

The information on the number of publications which will be estimated using the Leibniz Institute DSMZ methodology, which may differ from national estimates of the number of publications. This could be due to including different publication databases in the search or different publication availabilities. Parties should use national data if available.

6d. Regional and global estimates & data collection for global monitoring

Data could be aggregated from national reports depending on the data received. For the research publications, global level estimates are available.

7. Other MEAs, processes and organisations

7a. Other MEA and processes

This data may also be reported in the national reports under the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing and data sources to be identified for the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture and other multilateral mechanisms on ABS (DSI, BBNJ).

7b. Biodiversity Indicator Partnership

No

8. Disaggregation

Countries should be able to disaggregate the information on benefits by gender and IPLC if possible.

9. Related goals, targets and indicators

This indicator has linkages across the framework, including with Target 22.

10. Data reporter

10a. Organisation

SCBD


10b. Contact person(s)

Jillian Campbell, SCBD, cambell7@un.org

Beatriz Gomez, SCBD, beatriz.gomez@un.org

Leibniz Institute DSMZ German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures Dr. Amber Hartman Scholz, (amber.h.scholz@dsmz.de)

Daniele Manzella, ITPGRFA Secretariat, Daniele.Manzella@fao.org

11. References (if available)

United Nations Environment Programme. Convention on biological diversity [Internet]. 1992. Available from: https://wedocs.unep.org/20.500.11822/8340

Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity. Access and benefit-sharing as related to genetic resources. In: UN Doc [Internet]. COP 6 Decision VI/24; 2002. Available from: https://www.cbd.int/decision/cop/?id=7198

Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity. Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity: Text and Annex [Internet]. 2011. Available from: https://wedocs.unep.org/20.500.11822/27555

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture [Internet]. 2001. Available from: https://www.fao.org/plant-treaty/overview/texts-tr...

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The Standard Material Transfer Agreement. In: FAO Doc [Internet]. RESOLUTION 2/2006; 2006. Available from: https://www.fao.org/3/be006e/be006e.pdf

Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity. Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. In: UN Doc [Internet]. CBD/COP/DEC/15/4; 2022. Available from: https://www.cbd.int/doc/decisions/cop-15/cop-15-de...

Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity. Digital sequence information on genetic resources. In: UN Doc [Internet]. CBD/COP/DEC/15/9; 2022. Available from: https://www.cbd.int/doc/decisions/cop-15/cop-15-de...

Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity. Monitoring framework for the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. In: UN Doc [Internet]. CBD/COP/DEC/15/5; 2022. Available from: https://www.cbd.int/doc/decisions/cop-15/cop-15-de...

Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and, Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice, Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity. 25/1. Monitoring framework for the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. In: UN Doc [Internet]. 1/14 CBD/SBSTTA/REC/25/1; 2023. Available from: https://www.cbd.int/doc/recommendations/sbstta-25/...

United Nations. Sustainable development: Convention on Biological Diversity - Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 19 December 2023. In: UN Doc [Internet]. A/RES/78/155; 2023. Available from: https://www.undocs.org/Home/Mobile?FinalSymbol=A%2...

World Health Organization. Bureau’s text of the WHO convention, agreement or other international instrument on pandemic prevention, preparedness and response (WHO CA+) [Internet]. A/INB/5/6; 2023. Available from: https://apps.who.int/gb/inb/pdf_files/inb5/A_INB5_...

Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity. NOTIFICATION - Survey on indicators on access and benefit-sharing for the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. In: UN Doc [Internet]. SCBD/NPU/DC/TS/BG/RKi/91289; 2023. Available from: https://www.cbd.int/doc/notifications/2023/ntf-202...

Greiber T. An Explanatory Guide to the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing. IUCN; 2012. 395 p.

Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity. NP-1/3. Monitoring and reporting (Article 29). In: UN Doc [Internet]. UNEP/CBD/NP/COP-MOP/DEC/1/3; 2014. Available from: https://www.cbd.int/doc/decisions/np-mop-01/np-mop...

Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity. NP-3/4. Monitoring and reporting (Article 29). In: UN Doc [Internet]. CBD/NP/MOP/DEC/3/4; 2018. Available from: https://www.cbd.int/doc/decisions/np-mop-03/np-mop...

Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity. DECISION ADOPTED BY THE PARTIES TO THE NAGOYA PROTOCOL ON ACCESS AND BENEFIT-SHARING, NP-4/3. Monitoring and reporting (Article 29). In: UN Doc [Internet]. CBD/NP/MOP/DEC/4/3; 2022. Available from: https://www.cbd.int/doc/decisions/np-mop-04/np-mop...

Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity. DECISION ADOPTED BY THE CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES TO THE CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY, IX/14. Technology transfer and cooperation. In: UN Doc [Internet]. UNEP/CBD/COP/DEC/IX/14; 2008. Available from: https://www.cbd.int/doc/decisions/cop-09/cop-09-de...

Ebert AW, Engels JMM, Schafleitner R, Hintum T van, Mwila G. Critical Review of the Increasing Complexity of Access and Benefit-Sharing Policies of Genetic Resources for Genebank Curators and Plant Breeders–A Public and Private Sector Perspective. Plants. 2023 Aug;12(16):2992.

Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity. DECISION ADOPTED BY THE CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES TO THE CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY, 15/6. Mechanisms for planning, monitoring, reporting and review. In: UN Doc [Internet]. CBD/COP/DEC/15/6; 2022. Available from: https://www.cbd.int/doc/decisions/cop-15/cop-15-de...

Scholz AH, Lange M, Habekost P, Oldham P, Cancio I, Cochrane G, et al. Myth-busting the provider-user relationship for digital sequence information. GigaScience. 2021 Dec;10(12).

Sebo P, de Lucia S, Vernaz N. Accuracy of PubMed-based author lists of publications and use of author identifiers to address author name ambiguity: a cross-sectional study. Scientometrics. 2021 Mar;126(5):4121–35.

Rosonovski S, Levchenko M, Bhatnagar R, Chandrasekaran U, Faulk L, Hassan I, et al. Europe PMC in 2023. Nucleic Acids Research. 2023 Nov;52(D1):D1668–76.

Marden E, Abbott RJ, Austerlitz F, Ortiz‐Barrientos D, Baucom RS, Bongaerts P, et al. Sharing and reporting benefits from biodiversity research. Molecular Ecology. 2020 Nov;30(5):1103–7.

Food and agriculture organization of the United Nations. Introduction to the international treaty on plant genetic resources for food and agriculture [Internet]. 2011. Available from: http://www.itpgrfa.net/International/sites/default...

International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Eighth meeting of the Standing Committee on the Funding Strategy and Resource Mobilization (SFC-8) - Meeting proceedings [Internet]. Food and agriculture organization of the United Nations. Governing Body of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture; 2023. Available from: https://www.fao.org/3/cc8199en/cc8199en.pdf

International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Implementation of the funding strategy [Internet]. Food and Agriculture Organization. Governing Body of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture; 2023. Available from: https://www.fao.org/3/no028en/no028en.pdf

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ITPGRFA TENTH SESSION OF THE GOVERNING BODY - The Benefit-sharing Fund: 2022-2023 Report. In: FAO Doc [Internet]. IT/GB-10/23/10/Inf.1; 2023. Available from: https://www.fao.org/3/cc8470en/cc8470en.pdf

Galluzzi G, López Noriega I, Halewood M. Non-monetary benefit sharing mechanisms within the projects funded by the Benefit Sharing Fund. International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture [Internet]. 2014; Available from: https://www.fao.org/publications/card/en/c/84d6161...

Scholz AH, Freitag J, Lyal CHC, Sara R, Cepeda ML, Cancio I, et al. Multilateral benefit-sharing from digital sequence information will support both science and biodiversity conservation. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 23;13(1):1086.

United Nations. Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction [Internet]. 2023. Available from: https://wedocs.unep.org/20.500.11822/8340

1. Proposed Indicator name

C.2 Non-monetary benefits arising from applicable internationally agreed ABS instruments.

2. Date of metadata update

2022-03-28 12:00:00 UTC

3. Goals and Targets addressed

3a. Goal

Headline Indicator for Goal C. The monetary and non-monetary benefits from the utilization of genetic resources and digital sequence information on genetic resources, and of traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources, as applicable, are shared fairly and equitably, including, as appropriate with indigenous peoples and local communities, and substantially increased by 2050, while ensuring traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources is appropriately protected, thereby contributing to the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, in accordance with internationally agreed access and benefit-sharing instruments.

3b. Draft target

Headline indicator forTarget 13: Take effective legal, policy, administrative and capacity-building measures at all levels, as appropriate, to ensure the fair and equitable sharing of benefits that arise from the utilization of genetic resources and from digital sequence information on genetic resources, as well as traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources, and facilitating appropriate access to genetic resources, and by 2030, facilitating a significant increase of the benefits shared, in accordance with applicable international access and benefit-sharing instruments.

4. Rationale

The importance of non-monetary benefits from ABS processes and their contribution to the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and to sustainable development is increasingly acknowledged and documented. This indicator serves as a proxy for many different types of non-monetary benefits. It aims to measure trends in a key subset of non-monetary benefits arising from applicable international access and benefit-sharing instruments, namely the CBD, the Nagoya Protocol and the ITPGRFA.

The methodology also takes into account the possibility of accommodating new multilateral ABS instruments, which will contribute to conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity such as the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction, or benefit-sharing from digital sequence information (DSI) on genetic resources (GR).

5. Definitions, concepts and classifications

5a. Definition and concepts

To avoid double counting, only countries that regulate access to GR or to ATK, as appropriate, would need to report on non-monetary benefits.

Reporting would be on the following types of non-monetary benefits:

a.Number of research and development results arising from ABS instruments (globally aggregated and subsequently pre-populated into national reports)

b.Number of joint scientific publications arising from ABS instruments with authors from the provider country, where appropriate (globally aggregated and subsequently pre-populated into national reports)

c.Number of scientific publications relevant to conservation, sustainable use, food security, and public health arising from ABS instruments (globally aggregated and subsequently pre-populated into national reports)

d.Number of technology transfer events arising from ABS instruments (nationally collected)

e.Number of projects contributing to sustainable development arising from ABS instruments (nationally collected)

f.Indicator related to capacity-building and development as part of the non-monetary benefits arising from ABS instruments (TBD)

Information on three types of non-monetary benefits can be initially collected at the global level following an established methodology (see section 5(e) below) and made available to countries for their use in the national report. The use of a global methodology and compilation ensures that the national data provided is comparable, can easily be aggregated and analyses of trends over time are consistent. Countries can edit and add additional information to their national data as appropriate.

The ability of countries to collect the information on non-monetary benefits may vary from country to country. For some countries it may take some time before it is possible to provide this mandatory information.

Additional types of non-monetary benefits received: Parties may include in their national reports any other type of non-monetary benefits received in accordance with national priorities and circumstances. The reported information cannot be aggregated globally but can help countries to measure trends overtime according to their national priorities.

5b. Method of computation

There are many types of non-monetary benefits that can be included in ABS agreements (a list of 17 benefits is provided, for example, in the Annex of the Nagoya Protocol) but there are significant challenges to measuring all of them. First, there is currently no way to aggregate information on non-monetary benefits in a comprehensive manner across all possible types as these can be quantified with very different parameters (i.e., to aggregate across, for example, contribution to local economy, institutional capacity-building, and or sharing of research and development results). Second, there is little national data currently available on non-monetary benefits and significant challenges in monitoring or reporting on some non-monetary benefits remain. Third, different types of non-monetary benefits may be prioritized at the national level depending on the circumstances and these may be measured or accounted differently.

To simplify the challenge of monitoring non-monetary benefits, the 17 benefits suggested in the Nagoya Protocol Annex were consolidated into five categories that reflect six total proposed indicators as follows. Finding an appropriate indicator to measure non-monetary benefits related to capacity-building, development and training poses its own challenges.

Table 1. Non-monetary benefits


In light of all of the above, the headline indicator is computed in three stages 1) selection of types of non-monetary benefits for inclusion in the indicator, 2) compilation of information, and 3) resulting aggregations and dissagregations.


[1] According to the Strategy for the practical implementation of the programme of work on technology transfer and scientific and technological cooperation (17) “The concept of technology as generally understood under the Convention includes both “hard” and “soft” technology. The notion of hard technology refers to the actual machinery and other physical hardware that is transferred, while the category of soft technology refers to technological information or know-how. Such “soft” technology is often transferred within long-term scientific and technological cooperation including through joint research and innovation which move ideas from invention to new products, processes and services”

5c. Data collection method

This information will be collected through the national reporting under the Convention where Parties report which non-monetary benefits they have received. The reporting should at a minimum include:

  • Number of research and development results arising from ABS instruments (globally aggregated and subsequently pre-populated into national reports)
  • Number of joint scientific publications arising from ABS instruments with authors from the provider country, where appropriate (globally aggregated and subsequently pre-populated into national reports)
  • Number of scientific publications relevant to conservation, sustainable use, food security, and public health arising from ABS instruments (globally aggregated and subsequently pre-populated into national reports)
  • Number of technology transfer events arising from ABS instruments (nationally collected)
  • Number of projects contributing to sustainable development arising from ABS instruments (nationally collected)
  • Indicator related to capacity-building and development as part of the non-monetary benefits arising from ABS instruments (TBD)

5d. Accessibility of methodology

This methodology is available online and more information can be found in CBD/SBSTTA/26/INF/12.

5e. Data sources

To be able to report on indicators measured at the national level, it is necessary that countries implement tools that facilitate collection, compilation and report of information.

Compilation of information for the globally collected types of non-monetary benefits will use, subject to the availability of funds, the initial methodology and prototype databases developed by the Leibniz Institute DSMZ within the Examining Trends in Non-Monetary Benefit-Sharing project (funded by the German Federal Agency of Nature Conservation.

This project has developed methods and a pilot database to quantify the three proposed required non-monetary benefits based on the robustness of the scientific publication ecosystem. A database of publications in which an ABS permit is directly listed (cited) in the text of the publication can provide quantification of the three proposed indicators. In order for these methods to capture more data, Parties must fulfill their obligation under the NP to generate IRCCs and scientific practices for citing IRCCs or ABS permits codes in scientific publications need to be better standardized. Making this information available to countries would help reinforce the national systems for monitoring the utilization of genetic resources, as well as help to make the contribution of ABS towards conservation, sustainable use and the advancement of science and research more visible.

The information collected globally will be disaggregated to the national level and made available for countries to report on in their national reports. This approach would be an efficient use of resources and avoid the need for every country to build up a national database to keep track of some types of non-monetary benefits (research results, international collaborations, and research focused on priority areas resulting from ABS agreements).

Compilation of information for other types of non-monetary benefits would be done at national level. Most countries mentioned receiving non-monetary benefits. However, the data on non-monetary benefits is not generally compiled or readily available and for many countries reporting this information may be challenging, particularly when the national systems recognize different providers for GRs and ATK and different beneficiaries.

Some recommendations could help Parties reporting on non-monetary benefits:

  • For countries that have multiple authorities involved in negotiating PIC and MAT, they might consider including in their MAT clauses that obligate a user to report to a single centralized national authority for benefits even if they are shared with multiple beneficiaries.
  • A national data management system (e.g. a virtual platform or system appropriate for the national circumstances) where all information in the reporting process on benefits is stored and information is managedData management systems for ABS agreements granting and benefits reporting are a good tool to monitor benefit-sharing at national level and could potentially generate reminders about check in and reporting duties of users of GRs or aTK. Some countries have already introduced national virtual systems to apply for access to GRs and report on benefit-sharing. Once the application is successfully processed the corresponding permit is granted and uploaded to the platform. The commitments on both monetary and non-monetary benefit sharing and corresponding deadlines are also programmed in the system, which will send out reminders to users on reporting obligations for the concluded benefit-sharing activities. The users can upload benefit-sharing reports (e.g. research results or capacity building reports) and appropriate information to support the report.

The recommendations could also help strengthen national ABS systems. A better understanding of benefits received would help countries to measure the effectiveness of their ABS system and mobilize political will and resources for implementing Target 13 and achieve Goal C of the KMGBF.

As an alternative or complementary approach, Parties could also decide to establish a global standardized reporting system for non-monetary benefits by users of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge. This reporting tool would enable users to report on the benefits shared in their work under an ABS agreement. The information collected and disaggregated by country could be shared with countries for their consideration in their reporting under the different types of non-monetary benefits included in their reporting.

The methodology proposed for globally collected non-monetary benefits can either be expanded to include non-monetary benefit arising from other international ABS Instruments (ITPGRFA and others) or the secretariats of the relevant treaties can compile the data and share it with countries, as appropriate.

5f. Availability and release calendar

This data will be collected through national reports as per the timing of those reports. Parties could share data through their national CHMs, ABS CHs and other national data portals on an annual basis.

5g. Time series

Not currently available.

5h. Data providers

Parties should report the data directly with some global data available on the number of research publications.

5i. Data compilers

At the global level, the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity will compile the data. Compilation of information for the globally collected types of non-monetary benefits under the CBD and the Nagoya Protocol will use the methodology developed by the Leibniz Institute DSMZ within the Examining Trends in Non-Monetary Benefit-Sharing project (funded by the German Federal Agency of Nature Conservation). The Secretariat will work with Leibniz Institute DSMZ on this.

The information collected globally will be disaggregated to the national level and made available for countries to report on in their national reports (and NBSAPs). This approach would be an efficient use of resources and avoid the need for every country to build up a national database to keep track of some types of non-monetary benefits (research results, international collaborations, and research focused on priority areas resulting from ABS agreements).

5j. Gaps in data coverage

As mentioned above national data compilation may be challenging due to the existing systems for recording data, confidentiality issues and national capacity.

5k. Treatment of missing values

Missing data should not be inputed.

6. Scale

6a. Scale of use

Scale of application:Global, Regional, National

Scale of data disaggregation/aggregation:

Global/ regional scale indicator can be disaggregated to national level: Yes

National data is collated to form global indicator: Yes

The indicator is available for use at the national, regional and global level. However, regional and global aggregation may have some gaps.

6b. National/regional indicator production

This data would be compiled and reported at the national level.

6c. Sources of differences between global and national figures

The information on the number of publications which will be estimated using the Leibniz Institute DSMZ methodology, which may differ from national estimates of the number of publications. This could be due to including different publication databases in the search or different publication availabilities. Parties should use national data if available.

6d. Regional and global estimates & data collection for global monitoring

Data could be aggregated from national reports depending on the data received. For the research publications, global level estimates are available.

7. Other MEAs, processes and organisations

7a. Other MEA and processes

This data may also be reported in the national reports under the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing and data sources to be identified for the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture and other multilateral mechanisms on ABS (DSI, BBNJ).

7b. Biodiversity Indicator Partnership

No

8. Disaggregation

Countries should be able to disaggregate the information on benefits by gender and IPLC if possible.

9. Related goals, targets and indicators

This indicator has linkages across the framework, including with Target 22.

10. Data reporter

10a. Organisation

SCBD


10b. Contact person(s)

Jillian Campbell, SCBD, cambell7@un.org

Beatriz Gomez, SCBD, beatriz.gomez@un.org

Leibniz Institute DSMZ German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures Dr. Amber Hartman Scholz, (amber.h.scholz@dsmz.de)

Daniele Manzella, ITPGRFA Secretariat, Daniele.Manzella@fao.org

11. References (if available)

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